Abstarct: The selection of an appropriate mining method is one of the most critical decisions in mining engineering directly impacting technical performance, economic costs, workplace safety, and environmental considerations. This thesis evaluates and compares two mining methods, Inverse step mining and upward diagonal mining in the coal mines of the Tazareh region baxsed on the aforementioned criteria. The primary objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive multi-criteria analysis to identify the optimal mining method, taking into account the geological, operational, and economic conditions of the mine. To achieve this goal, the university of british Columbia (UBC) scoring method was employed as a multi-criteria analysis tool. Research data includes parameters related to operating costs, production rates, safety in mining workshops, and the environmental impacts of mining operations collected from the Tazareh coal mine. Additionally, studies on wall stability and risk analysis associated with each mining method were specifically examined and evaluated. The findings revealed that the upward diagonal mining method demonstrates significant advantages in terms of reduced operational costs and improved safety indicators, making it superior from economic and safety perspectives compared to the Inverse step mining method. However, due to its lower environmental impact and better wall stability, the Inverse step mining method is considered more suitable when environmental considerations take precedence. The final analysis indicates that, under the current conditions of the Tazareh coal mine, the Upward Diagonal Mining method is recommended as the optimal extraction method, provided that adequate measures are implemented to manage environmental issues. This study offers a comprehensive and data-driven approach, providing practical guidance for selecting mining methods in similar operations. Future research is recommended to investigate the impact of geological parameter variations and emerging technologies on the outcomes of this analysis.