Abstarct: Human factors (HFs) play a very important role in mines, especially underground coal mines. They significantly impact safety compliance, production processes, machinery operation and maintenance, as well as productivity. On the other hand, risk management is one of the fundamental methods for improving safety and preventing or reducing mining accidents. This thesis examines the role of human factors in the risk of underground coal mines. Human factors were identified and classified, and then calculated using questionnaires filled out by experts, pairwise comparison, and special vector values with MATLAB software. Individual factors had the highest weight with a value of 0.3460, while national laws and regulations had the lowest weight with a value of 0.0536. For the selection of hazards from the total hazards of underground coal mines, linguistic variable questionnaires and the fuzzy system were used. To calculate the impact of human factors on the risk of underground coal mines, the multi-criteria decision-making risk assessment method, specifically the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, was used. The human factor of carelessness, negligence, and distraction had the highest similarity index with a value of 0.6516, and the human factor of education level had the lowest similarity index with a value of 0.2871. Thus, the most and least influential human factors impacting the risk of underground coal mines were determined. The three human factors that have the greatest impact on the risk of coal mines are: carelessness, negligence and distraction, failure to use personal protective equipment, and overconfidence. The three human factors that have the least impact on the risk of underground coal mines are: level of education, level of competence, and height and weight. For the case study of hazards and accidents, the industrial and mining company of North East Shahrood was selected. The impact of carelessness, negligence, and distraction on the hazards and accidents of this company was examined.