Abstarct: In this research, the governing differential equation of thick-walled axisymmetric cylinders, subjected to mechanical and thermal loading and composed of inhomogeneous and isotropic materials under large deformations, is derived using the Nonlinear Plane Elasticity Theory (NPET). Due to the presence of large radial deformations and nonlinear terms in the kinematic relations, the resulting differential equation is a nonlinear second-order equation with variable coefficients, which has been solved using the perturbation technique under both plane stress and plane strain conditions. By considering the equilibrium equations, boundary conditions, and different end conditions of the cylinder (both ends free and both ends closed), the distributions of radial and circumferential stresses, as well as the radial displacement, have been analytically obtained. baxsed on the results of this analytical solution, the effects of parameters such as thickness, material properties, boundary conditions, and inhomogeneity on the stresses and displacements in the cylindrical shell have been investigated. For the validation of the results, numerical modeling of the problem was performed using ANSYS baxsed on nonlinear elasticity theory, and the finite element method (FEM) results were compared with those of the analytical solution. The findings of this study indicate that the proposed analytical approach possesses satisfactory accuracy, and the obtained results can be confidently applied.