Abstarct: Quinoa, in addition to its high nutritional value, has attracted special attention in recent years due to its resistance to water scarcity. On the other hand, one of the abiotic stresses for crop plants is drought and water deficiency, which is the most important limiting factor for crop growth in arid and semi-arid regions, including Iran. Moreover, zinc and iron are essential elements for plant growth and development, and seed priming can help reduce the detrimental effects of drought stress. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed priming with zinc and iron sulfate on the yield and yield components of three quinoa varieties (Q12, Giza1, and Q29) under drought stress conditions in two locations, Kashmar and Nyshapur. This experiment was conducted as a split-plot design with three replications; the factors included three levels of drought stress (7, 10, and 14 days irrigation intervals) as the main plot, and subplots included quinoa varieties and two priming treatments (no priming and priming). The results showed that priming and drought stress had significant effects on all traits in both locations. Plant height, seed yield, biological yield, seed protein content, oil content, and relative water content were significantly reduced under drought conditions. The highest values of these traits were observed in the 7 day irrigation interval treatment, where the grain yield (2.742 and 1.966 t/ha), protein concentration (15.20% and 16.37%), and oil percentage (3.33% and 3.37%) in seeds were respectively in Kashmar and Nyshapur. Meanwhile, with the increase in water stress, the enzymatic activity of quinoa increased, such that proline activity (46%), superoxide dismutase (139%), ascorbate peroxidase (97%), and catalase (41%) increased in the 14-day irrigation interval compared to the 7-day interval. However, the priming treatment effectively improved performance and growth traits in both locations by reducing oxidative damage. This study showed that the Giza1 variety had higher values in most traits compared to the other two varieties. Additionally, priming with zinc sulfate + iron sulfate could maintain the growth and grain yield of quinoa under mild drought conditions.