Abstarct: One of the difficulties of living in cities is finding a space that includes all aspects necessary for collective and individual life. The design and structure of the physical environment is important due to its influence on the way of life of the people living in it. Emotional feelings such as attachment can be formed in every person who has his own meaning and identity towards the living environment. Among the causes of the removal of the place attachment from the environment of cities, we can mention the increase in the population of cities, the way to respond to their needs, the expansion of industry and urbanization, and the focus on functionalism, the lack of which causes problems such as irresponsibility to the place of residence, the increase in crime in the place and migration. The Place Attachment is considered as one of the criteria for evaluating high-quality environments, and the physical characteristics of the environment play an important and effective role in its formation The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the environment on the Place Attachment in the neighborhoods. The research was of a survey type, sample data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires on site and the research community included people over 18 years of age from neighborhoods 10 and 16 of Shahrood city, the initial sample size for each neighborhood was 200 people and the number of final remaining samples from neighborhood 10 was 178. There are 168 people from District 16. Statistical data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method with partial least squares (PLS-SEM) approach and using IBM SPSS Statistics 26 and Smart PLS V4 software for preliminary and final analysis. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a number of university professors and its initial reliability was confirmed by evaluating Cronbach's alpha (with an optimal value of 0.930). baxsed on the final findings, the direct and significant influence of each of the structures of access to facilities, security and Leisure and Recreation opportunity as environmental factors on the structure of Place Attachment was confirmed, and the structures of Leisure and Recreation opportunity and security were respectively compared to the structure of access to facilities. The structure of Place Attachment was more effective. demographic variables did not have a significant effect as a moderating variable in the relationships obtained. baxsed on the results of the research, solutions have been proposed to increase the Place Attachment in the neighborhoods.