Abstarct: The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of social responsibility of fitness clubs on customer loyalty, with commitment as a mediating variable, in Province. In terms of purpose, the research was applied, and in terms of nature, it was correlational and categorized as a non-experimental study. The statistical population consisted of customers of fitness clubs in Baghdad Province. Sampling was carried out using a random-cluster method. First, the districts of Karkh, Rusafa, Adhamiyah, Kadhimiya, and Mansour were selected as research clusters. Then, a number of active fitness clubs in these areas were randomly selected, and finally, their customers were chosen as the research sample. In total, 250 questionnaires were distributed, of which 235 valid questionnaires remained for analysis after incomplete responses were excluded. The data collection instruments included the standard Social Responsibility Questionnaire developed by Walsh and Bartikowski (2013) with 3 items, the Customer Loyalty Questionnaire by Walsh and Bartikowski (2013) with 3 items, and the Commitment Questionnaire by Wessel and Zabkar (2010) with 3 items. The validity of the instruments was confirmed through face and content validity baxsed on the opinions of 10 experts in sport management, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. Reliability was also confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, which were 0.85 for social responsibility, 0.88 for loyalty, and 0.78 for commitment. Data were analyzed using descxriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS version 23 and SmartPLS 4 software. The findings indicated that all research hypotheses were significant. The results of structural equation modeling using the variance-baxsed approach showed that the social responsibility of fitness clubs had a positive and significant effect on customer commitment, and commitment also had a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. In addition, social responsibility had an indirect and significant effect on customer loyalty through commitment. Therefore, it can be concluded that the social responsibility of fitness clubs, in addition to its ethical and social functions, acts as an effective managerial strategy for strengthening commitment and increasing customer loyalty. Consequently, managers’ attention to social responsibility can contribute to customer retention, improvement of long-term relationships, and enhancement of competitive advantage. Supervisors: Dr. Seyed Reza Hosseininia July 2026